When it comes to riding a motorbike or bicycle, our thoughts often revolve around the destination, the speed, the distance, or even the terrain we’ll navigate. But how often do we pause to consider the importance of stopping?
Number Of Road Users
When road users assess how to safely merge into traffic, navigate, or come to a stop, they rely on predicting the behavior of surrounding vehicles—a process shaped by their own life experiences.
In the first quarter of 2020 there were 235,788 motorcycles registered in NSW, and 2,952,721 passenger vehicles. Whilst 32% of people in NSW (around 2,624,100), rode a bike at least once in the past year, 72% were children and only 23% used their bicycle for transport.
Stopping Distances For Dry, Wet and Sloped Conditions
When it comes to stopping distances on the road, most people’s judgements would be based on cars. We compared stopping distances for cars, motorbikes and bicycles over 40 and 50 km/hr.
Wet road surfaces made a big difference for motorbike and car stopping distances. For bikes wet surfaces make little difference but downhill gradients have a significant impact.
“We all like to think we ride safely, but comparing the numbers and stopping distances was a real eye opener,” said Bicycle NSW General Manager of Public Affairs, Bastien Wallace.
“Being able to stop safely is just as important as the rest of the riding experience. As Vulnerable Road Users, our safety and well-being cannot be left in others’ hands. Being mentally prepared for the unexpected is half the equation. Leaving plenty of room for error is also crucial: an extra two seconds can drastically reduce collisions, close calls, and anxiety — all without slowing down overall progress,” added MCCNSW Vice-Chairman, Jason Antony.
National Road Safety Week set aside Saturday November 21st for Bicycle and Motorcycle safety issues. Bicycle NSW has enjoyed the support of the Motorcycle Council of NSW for our Safety on Spokes campaign, and together we wish all riders safe journeys.
The Science of Stopping Distances
Stopping distance is the total distance a vehicle travels from the moment the driver or rider perceives the need to stop, reacts, and the brakes bring the vehicle to a halt. It is the sum of two components:
- Reaction Distance: The distance traveled while the driver or rider reacts and begins braking. Reaction times typically range from 1-1.5 seconds.
- Braking Distance: The distance required to bring the vehicle to a complete stop after the brakes are applied.
Stopping distances can vary widely depending on speed, road surface, vehicle type, and weather conditions.
Stopping Distances for Cars
Cars are heavier and typically equipped with advanced braking systems, such as ABS (anti-lock braking system), which improve braking performance. However, stopping distances for cars are influenced by several factors:
- Speed: A car traveling at 50 km/h requires approximately 24 meters to stop under ideal conditions. At 100 km/h, this distance increases to 96 meters.
- Road Conditions: Wet, icy, or uneven roads significantly increase braking distances.
- Vehicle Maintenance: Worn-out brake pads or tires can reduce stopping efficiency.
- Driver Reaction Time: Distractions, fatigue, or impairment can delay reactions and increase stopping distances.
To ensure safety, drivers must maintain a safe following distance and stay alert, especially in areas with cyclists and motorbikes.
Stopping Distances for Motorbikes
Motorbikes, being lighter than cars, often have shorter braking distances. However, stopping a motorbike safely requires skill and coordination between front and rear braking systems. Key factors affecting motorbike stopping distances include:
- Speed: At 50 km/h, a motorbike may stop in about 20 meters. At 100 km/h, this increases to around 80 meters.
- Brake Usage: Improper use of brakes can result in skidding or loss of control. Riders must learn to modulate both front and rear brakes effectively.
- Weather Conditions: Wet or slippery roads can make it harder for motorbikes to stop safely.
- Tires: Properly maintained tires with adequate tread are crucial for optimal braking.
Motorbike riders must anticipate road conditions and give themselves extra space to stop when necessary.
Stopping Distances for Bicycles
Bicycles have the shortest braking distances, but their stopping ability is highly dependent on rider skill, road conditions, and the type of bike. Factors influencing bicycle stopping distances include:
- Speed: At 20 km/h, a bicycle can stop in around 4-6 meters. At higher speeds, this distance increases significantly.
- Braking Systems: Bikes equipped with disc brakes offer better stopping power compared to rim brakes.
- Rider Skill: Experienced riders can brake more effectively and avoid skidding.
- Road Surface: Gravel, mud, or wet roads make stopping more challenging.
- Visibility: Cyclists need to anticipate hazards early and signal their intentions to other road users.
Cyclists must ride defensively, maintain their bike’s brakes, and stay alert to avoid accidents.
Shared Roads and Interaction Among Road Users
Understanding stopping distances is not only about individual safety—it’s about fostering mutual respect and awareness among all road users. On shared roads, cars, motorbikes, and bicycles must coexist and anticipate each other’s needs to avoid collisions.
- Drivers: Must leave adequate space when overtaking cyclists or motorbike riders and avoid sudden braking that could endanger others.
- Motorbike Riders: Should avoid weaving between cars and maintain safe distances when following or overtaking.
- Cyclists: Need to signal their movements clearly and maintain predictable riding patterns to ensure safety.
Education and awareness are key to creating safer shared roads.
Bicycle NSW: Leading the Way in Road Safety Advocacy
Bicycle NSW is dedicated to improving road safety for all cyclists and advocating for better infrastructure, policies, and education. For over 45 years, Bicycle NSW has championed initiatives that make cycling safer, more accessible, and more enjoyable across the state.
Our Core Advocacy Areas:
- Safer Roads: Lobbying for improved road designs that prioritize cyclist safety.
- Education: Providing workshops and resources to promote safer interactions among road users.
- Infrastructure: Working with government bodies to create more cycling-friendly paths and networks.
- Community Engagement: Building a strong network of cyclists to support and inspire each other.
Through collaboration with local councils, transport authorities, and community groups, Bicycle NSW continues to make NSW a better place for cyclists.
Join Bicycle NSW Today: Your Support Matters!
If you care about safer roads and better cycling conditions in NSW, now is the time to act. By joining Bicycle NSW, you’ll become part of a community dedicated to creating a safer, smarter future for all road users.
Benefits of Membership:
- Comprehensive Insurance: Ride with peace of mind knowing you’re covered.
- Expert Resources: Gain access to exclusive safety tips, guides, and advocacy updates.
- Community Connection: Join a network of passionate cyclists who share your goals.
- Influence Change: Amplify your voice by supporting an organization advocating for better cycling conditions.
Take Action Today!
Stopping distances are a critical part of road safety, and understanding them is essential for reducing accidents and fostering harmony on shared roads. Whether you’re a cyclist, motorbike rider, or car driver, staying informed and vigilant can save lives.
Join Bicycle NSW today and help us create safer roads and paths for everyone! Visit Bicycle NSW Membership to sign up and explore the benefits of membership. Together, we can pedal toward a brighter, safer future for all road users.
